考虑硬化软化和剪胀特性的绿泥石片岩力学模型     

李震  周辉  宋雨泽  张传庆  胡其志 《岩土力学》2013,34(2):404-410

绿泥石片岩是一种典型的软岩,开挖过程中出现的围岩大变形和塌方对工程安全危害极大。为了深入研究绿泥石片岩的力学特征并建立其合理的力学模型,首先进行了不同围压下的三轴压缩试验,并考虑应力状态对塑性演化的影响,定义了新的内变量;分析了凝聚力和内摩擦角随内变量的演化规律,结果表明,凝聚力先近似呈线性减小,而后近似呈抛物线递减至残余破坏;而内摩擦角一直近似呈抛物线递增;研究了绿泥石片岩的剪胀特性,分析了剪胀角随内变量演化规律,结果表明,剪胀角与内摩擦角呈相反的演化趋势。考虑硬化、软化和剪胀特性,建立了绿泥石片岩的力学模型,对室内三轴压缩试验结果的模拟分析表明,该力学模型可以较好地描述绿泥石片岩的硬化、软化规律和剪胀等性质,为工程安全性分析提供了基本的力学模型,对于类似软岩力学性质的研究也具有重要的参考意义。  相似文献   

Omphacite-bearing calcite marble and associated coesite-bearing pelitic schist from the meta-ophiolitic belt of Chinese western Tianshan     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

In the meta-ophiolitic belt of Chinese western Tianshan, marble (5–50 cm thick) is found interlayered with pelitic schist. The marble is mainly composed of calcite (>90% in volume) and accessory phases include omphacite, quartz, dolomite, albite, phengite, clinozoisite and titanite with or without rutile core. This is the first omphacite (Jd_35–50) reported from marble of Chinese western Tianshan. It mainly occurs in the calcite matrix, rarely as inclusion in albite. The presence of omphacite suggests that the layered marble was subjected to eclogite-facies metamorphism, consistent with the occurrence of high-Si phengite (Si a.p.f.u. up to 3.7) and aragonite relic in albite. The associated pelitic schist consists of quartz, white mica (phengite + paragonite), garnet, albite, amphibole (barroisite ± glaucophane) and rutile/titanite, as well as minor amounts of dolomite, tourmaline and graphite. Coesite is optically recognized within porphyroblastic pelitic garnet and is further confirmed via Raman spectroscopy. Thermodynamic models support the UHP metamorphism of calcite marble, similar to the associated pelitic schist. Shared UHP-LT history of calcareous and pelitic rocks in Chinese western Tianshan suggests that the supracrustal carbon-rich sediments have been carried to depths of >90 km during fast subduction and thus are potential sources for carbon recycled into arc crust.  相似文献   

藏东同卡石榴辉石岩和拉萨地体松多蓝片岩   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

沙绍礼谢尧武陈应明西洛朗杰刘学龙  张娜 蒋成兴 《中国地质》2009,36(6):1302-1311

元古宇卡穷岩群位于班公湖-怒江缝合带内,岩性为黑云斜长片麻岩、黑云斜长变粒岩,花岗片麻岩、大理岩及斜长角闪岩.黑云斜长片麻岩中具铁铝榴石、矽线石、蓝晶石组合.锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为1334 Ma,花岗片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄(507±10)Ma(SHRIMP),后者可能属稍晚期变形变质的花岗岩侵入体.卡穷岩群属冈瓦纳大陆北缘裂离出来的微陆块.黑云斜长片麻岩中首次发现石榴辉石岩、榴闪岩包体.较新鲜的石榴辉石岩由角闪石、透辉石、石榴石及少量石英、金红石组成,无长石.包体岩石化学成分中SiO_248.65%～51.18%,K_2O＜1%,稀土配分形式为平坦型,无明显的Eu异常.微量元素Rb、Ba、Th富集,低Sr,具洋脊玄武岩特征.石榴石端元组分中铁铝榴石51.44%、镁铝榴石26.73%、钙铝榴石17.29%.透辉石端元组分中,硬玉分子平均为6.40%.镜下常见石榴石、辉石退变为角闪石和斜长石,包体岩石应为榴辉岩退变的产物.  相似文献   

山西代县金红石矿床洪塘矿区含矿岩石的地球化学及年代学   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

庞尔成  徐永婧  施光海  贾琇明  张尊侠 《岩石矿物学杂志》2010,29(5):497-506

山西代县洪塘金红石矿区是代县金红石矿3个主要矿区之一,含金红石矿的岩石主要有4种类型:直闪石片岩和蛭石化阳起-直闪石片岩、钠长斜绿泥石阳起-直闪石片岩和蛭石化阳起-直闪石英岩。除1个样品已硅化(HT-5,石英岩)外,SiO2含量为47.83%～55.03%,富MgO、TiO2和Al2O3,低CaO、Na2O和K2O,轻稀土元素略亏损,重稀土元素分布较平坦,具明显负Eu异常,大离子亲石元素含量变化较大,高场强元素总体上没有明显分异,Ti、Zr、Hf和Y轻微亏损,Ba、Sr和Rb亏损。据以上地球化学特征推测其原岩化学组成等同于基性岩浆岩类中的洋中脊拉斑玄武岩类,后经过变质作用形成上述含矿岩石。含矿岩石中锆石的内外部生长特征、矿物包裹体特征以及U-Pb年龄结果显示,该区含矿原岩——中基性玄武质岩浆岩的成岩时代为2530Ma左右,后可能经历了2530～2370Ma和1900Ma左右的热液流体活动参与的高角闪岩相到绿片岩相的区域变质事件。  相似文献   

羌塘中部高压变质带的形成过程   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

董永胜  李才  施建荣  张修政  王生云 《岩石学报》2010,26(7):2099-2105

羌塘中部高压变质带由榴辉岩、石榴石白云母片岩和蓝片岩等组成,与蛇绿混杂岩、晚古生代浅变质地层岩片等共同构成了龙木错-双湖板块缝合带这一构造混杂岩带,是伴随古特提斯洋闭合的深俯冲作用及后期构造作用的产物。通过对其野外地质特征、不同岩石类型岩石学、矿物学以及同位素年代学等的研究,确认榴辉岩和石榴石白云母片岩在早期分别经历了各自的形成过程,在榴辉岩形成之后的折返过程中二者共同构成了高压变质带,并且在折返过程中榴辉岩发生蓝片岩相退变质作用,同时导致了带内蓝片岩的形成。同位素年代学研究结果表明,龙木错-双湖板块缝合带闭合过程中的榴辉岩相变质作用发生于240Ma左右,折返过程中的蓝片岩相退变质作用及蓝片岩的形成应在220～200Ma,高压变质带最终在214Ma之前抬升出露地表。  相似文献   

青藏高原羌塘中部不同时代榴辉岩的识别及其意义——来自榴辉岩及其围岩~（40）Ar-~（39）Ar年代学的证据     

张修政  董永胜  李才  陈文  施建荣  张彦  王生云 《中国区域地质》2010,(12):1815-1824

羌塘中部高压变质带由榴辉岩、石榴子石白云母片岩、蓝片岩等组成,与蛇绿混杂岩、晚古生代浅变质地层岩片等共同构成了龙木错-双湖板块缝合带这一构造混杂岩带。目前已先后在片石山地区、果干加年山地区和冈玛错地区发现典型的榴辉岩,以片石山和果干加年山地区的榴辉岩为研究对象。片石山地区的榴辉岩为低温型榴辉岩,围岩为石榴子石白云母片岩,变质作用峰期温压条件为T=500℃,p=2.3GPa。已获得230～244Ma锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和石榴子石Lu-Hf等时线年龄,代表榴辉岩相变质作用的时代。榴辉岩及其围岩在误差范围内具有相同的Ar-Ar年龄,为210～220Ma,代表了榴辉岩及其围岩冷却抬升至近地表的时代。果干加年山地区的榴辉岩具有和片山地区榴辉岩相似的野外产状、矿物组合、温压条件和围岩。Ar-Ar年代学研究显示,果干加年山地区的榴辉岩在240Ma左右即已折返并抬升至近地表,其变质作用峰期时代明显要早于片石山地区。  相似文献   

颗粒破碎对绢云母片岩强度和变形影响的试验研究     

秦尚林  杨兰强  陈荣辉  陈善雄 《岩土力学》2014,35(11):3086-3092

为进一步弄清颗粒破碎对软岩粗粒料强度、变形的影响,开展2组不同初始干密度下的绢云母片岩粗粒料的固结排水三轴试验,分析了绢云母片岩粗粒料颗粒破碎规律,并探讨了颗粒破碎对绢云母片岩粗粒料力学性质的影响。结果表明,绢云母片岩粗粒料相对破碎率随围压的增加而增大,但颗粒破碎增幅速率受初始干密度影响较大,颗粒破碎与围压之间的关系可用线性关系描述;由于初始孔隙率的影响,使得试样在同一应力水平下高密度试样颗粒破碎明显高于低密度试样;颗粒破碎对高密度试样抗剪强度降低的影响高于低密度试样,导致两种干密度试样的应力-应变曲线在某处出现相交,最终出现初始密度低的试样抗剪强度大于初始密度高的试样抗剪强度的现象;高密度试样孔隙率较小,其剪胀因子一直保持在1附近,而低密度试样孔隙率较大,受颗粒破碎和剪胀的影响迟缓一些,低密度试样体变较高密度要大些,但整体上由于颗粒破碎和剪胀的影响,绢云母片岩粗粒料的体变均不大。  相似文献   

绢云母片岩粗粒料改性试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

秦尚林  杨兰强  陈荣辉  熊署丹 《岩土力学》2013,34(Z2):105-109

绢云母片岩属极软岩,强度低,直接作为路基填料难以压实,易造成路基沉陷、路面开裂等不良工程现象。通过对绢云母片岩及其4种改性方案进行表面振动压实试验、室内重型击实试验、室内CBR试验以及回弹模量试验研究,探讨绢云母片岩经改性后用作高速公路路基填料的适用性。试验表明,绢云母片岩最大干密度采用室内重型击实与表面振动压实试验结果相差较大,采用表面振动压实时为1.92 g/cm3,采用室内重型击实时为2.01 g/cm3。主要原因是由于绢云母片岩颗粒破碎的结果。绢云母片岩及其4种改性粗粒土的在最优含水率附近的较宽范围内的变动对压实效果的影响不大,有利于填料的压实。绢云母片岩的回弹模量E较低,小于32 MPa,经改性后的土料的回弹模量均有显著提高,均达到50 MPa以上。添加20%红砂岩和20%黏性土的试料CBR值均只有3.7,添加3%水泥和5%水泥的试料CBR值上升明显。绢云母片岩经添加3%、5%的水泥化学改性后可用于高速公路上路堤及路床填筑。  相似文献   

The initial garnet‐in reaction involving siderite–rhodochrosite,garnet re‐equilibration and P–T–t paths of graphitic schists in the Black Hills orogen,South Dakota,USA     

P. I. Nabelek  Y. Chen 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2014,32(2):133-150

It is generally thought that garnet in metapelites is produced by continuous reactions involving chlorite or chloritoid. Recent publications have suggested that the equilibrium temperatures of garnet‐in reactions may be significantly overstepped in regionally metamorphosed terranes. The growth of small spessartine–almandine garnet crystals on Mn‐siderite at the garnet isograd in graphitic metapelites in the Proterozoic Black Hills orogen, South Dakota, demonstrates that Mn‐siderite was the principal reactant that produced the initial garnet in the schists. Moreover, the positions of garnet compositions in isobaric, T–(C/H) pseudosections for the schists show that the temperature of the garnet‐in reaction from Mn‐siderite was overstepped minimally at the most. In the Black Hills, garnet was initially produced during regional metamorphism beginning at c. 1755 Ma due to the collision of Wyoming and Superior cratons, and was subsequently partially or fully re‐equilibrated at more elevated temperatures and pressures during intrusion of the Harney Peak Granite (HPG) at c. 1715 Ma. Garnet occurs in graphitic schists in garnet, staurolite and sillimanite zones, the latter being a product of contact metamorphism by HPG. During metamorphism, coexisting fluid contained both CO₂ and CH₄. In the garnet zone, garnet crystals contain petrographically distinct cores with inclusions of quartz, graphite and other minerals. Centres of the cores have distinctly elevated Y concentrations that mark the positions of garnet nucleation. The elevated Y is thought to have come from the Mn‐siderite onto which Y was probably absorbed during precipitation in an ocean. In the upper garnet and staurolite zones, the cores were overgrown by inclusion‐poor mantles. Mantles are highly zoned and have more elevated Fe and Mg and lower Mn and Ca than cores. The growth of mantles is attributed to late‐orogenic heating by leucogranite magmas and attendant influx of H₂O that caused consumption of graphite in rock matrices. A portion of the Proterozoic terrane that includes the HPG is surrounded by four large faults. In this ‘HPG block’, garnet is inclusion‐poor and its composition does not preserve its early growth history. This garnet appears to have re‐equilibrated by internal diffusion of its major components and/or recrystallization of an earlier inclusion‐rich garnet. It has equilibrated within the kyanite stability range, and together with remnant kyanite in the high‐strain aureole of the HPG, indicates that the HPG block had a ≥6 kbar history. The HPG block has undergone decompression during emplacement of the HPG. The decompression is evident in occurrences of retrograde andalusite and cordierite in the thermal aureole of the HPG. The data support a polybaric metamorphic history of the Black Hills orogen with different segments of the orogen having their own clockwise P–T–t paths.  相似文献   

中亚造山带东段西拉木伦构造带的性质与演化：来自变形和低温热年代学的约束          下载免费PDF全文

张进  曲军峰  刘建峰  王艳楠  赵衡  赵硕  张北航  郑荣国  云龙  杨亚琦  牛鹏飞 《沉积与特提斯地质》2021,41(2):190-217

中亚造山带东段何时与何地关闭,从俯冲到关闭的过程以及随后的陆内演化又经历了什么主要事件,目前还存在不同认识。中亚造山带东段林西地区的蛇绿混杂岩及其周围地区的区域地质调查表明,以杏树洼蛇绿混杂岩和双井片岩为代表的西拉木伦河构造带是一个晚古生代的增生楔,在该混杂岩带中发育了典型的岩块被包裹在基质中的构造。该楔体被中、晚二叠世克德河砾岩所覆盖。增生楔中最早的近东西向构造代表了向南俯冲阶段的变形,随后继续经历向北的逆冲推覆,卷入了中、晚二叠世地层,形成了碰撞期的变形;在晚二叠世末期—三叠纪早期,蛇绿混杂岩以及上覆的克德河砾岩又经历了区域性的强烈的右行韧性剪切,并发生应变分解。晚二叠世区域性的右行韧性剪切在中亚造山带南缘普遍发育,代表了中亚造山带已经全部进入陆内环境。双井片岩也经历了与蛇绿混杂岩类似的变形事件,在增生楔下部经历变质作用,并在碰撞期抬升至地表,晚期为区域性的右行剪切。同时,结合锆石与磷灰石低温热年代学测试表明,双井片岩和蛇绿混杂岩共同经历了中、晚侏罗世源自北侧蒙古-阿霍茨克大洋关闭导致的近南北向挤压、早白垩世期间遍及东亚的区域性伸展以及晚白垩世短暂的构造反转事件。  相似文献